79, Gold (Au)

Aurum, lat. aurum = Gold

Thermodynamik:
         
  Pd Ag Cd  
  Pt Au Hg  
  Ds Rg Cn  
         
  kJ/mol
Schmelzenthalpie: 12.7
Verdampfungsenthalpie: 343.1
Sublimationsenthalpie: 355.8
   
Atomisierungsenthalpie: 336.1
Kovalente Bindungs-Enthalpien ΔH:

Bindung: Energie
(kJ/mol)		 Länge
(pm)		   Bindung: Energie
(kJ/mol)		 Länge
(pm)
Li−Au[1] 284.5 ±2.4% 264   Be−Au[1] 237.7 ±1.7% 232
Na−Au[1] 215.1 ±5.9% 302   Mg−Au[1] 179.1 ±1.5% 277
Al−Au[1] 325.9 ±1.9% 257   Ca−Au[1] 250.4 ±1.6% 312
Sc−Au[1] 280 ±14.3% 306   V−Au[1] 246 ±3.5% 289
Cr−Au[1] 223.7 ±12.9% 275   Mn−Au[1] 197.7 ±10.6% 275
Fe−Au[1] 187 ±10.3% 268   Ni−Au[1] 247 ±6.6% 260
Cu−Au[1] 227.1 ±0.5% 268   Ga−Au[1] 290 ±5.2% 258
Rb−Au[1] 243 ±1.4% 356   Sr−Au[1] 264 ±15.9% 331
Y−Au[1] 310 ±3.9% 326   Rh−Au[1] 232.6 ±12.5% 278
Pd−Au[1] 142.7 ±14.7% 275   Ag−Au[1] 202.5 ±4.7% 281
In−Au[1] 286 ±2% 278   Cs−Au[1] 253 ±1.4% 380
Ba−Au[1] 254.8 ±3.9% 351   La−Au[1] 457 ±6.1% 343
Ce−Au[1] 322 ±5.6% 340   Pr−Au[1] 311 ±8% 339
Nd−Au[1] 294 ±9.9% 337   Eu−Au[1] 245 ±4.9% 334
Tb−Au[1] 285 ±11.6% 330   Dy−Au[1] 259 ±9.3% 328
Ho−Au[1] 267.4 ±6.2% 328   Lu−Au[1] 332.2 ±5.7% 323
Au−H[1] 300.5 ±0.9% 167   Au−B[1] 367.8 ±2.9% 220
Au−O[1] 223 ±9.4% 202   Au−F[1] 294.1   193
Au−Si[1] 304.6 ±2% 247   Au−S[1] 253.6 ±5.8% 241
Au−Co[1] 218 ±7.5% 262   Au−Ge[1] 273.2 ±5.3% 256
Au−Se[1] 251 ±5.8% 256   Au−Br[1] 213 ±9.9% 256
Au−Br[1] 213 ±9.9% 256   Au−Sn[1] 256.5 ±2.8% 275
Au−Te[1] 237.2 ±6.2% 274   Au−I[1] 276   275
Au−Au[1] 226.2 ±0.2% 272   Au−Pb[1] 133 ±31.6% 282
Au−Bi[1] 293 ±2.9% 284   U−Au[1] 318 ±9.1% 332

[1] Bindung innerhalb eines diatomaren Moleküles in der Gasphase.

Thermodynamische Daten der Gold-Modifikationen:

Phasenbezogene thermodynamische Daten:
  ΔFHo
in kJ/mol		 ΔFGo
in kJ/mol		 So
in J/mol•K		 cp
in J/mol•K
Fest: -- -- 47.4 25.4
Flüssig: -- -- -- 29.3
Gas: 366.1 326.3 180.5 20.8

Thermodynamische Daten der Phasenübergänge:
  Enthalpie ΔH Entropie ΔS  
Schmelzen: 12.698 kJ/mol 9.49 J/(mol•K)  
Verdampfen: 343.107 kJ/mol 109.65 J/(mol•K)  


Hydratisierungsenthalpien der Ionen:

Ladung: Vorgang Hydratisierungs-
enthalpie ΔHhydr. in kJ/mol		    
+1 Au+(g) + H2O → Au+(aq) -645    
Legende: (g) = gaseous, gasförmig  (aq) = aqueous, in Wasser gelöst.
Quelle: Holleman-Wiberg, Lehrbuch der anorg. Chemie, 102. Auflage.