8, Sauerstoff (O)
Oxygenium, gr. oxys = Säure, gr. gennan = bilden; Säurebildner |
Säure-Base-Verhalten:
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pKS-Werte von Säure-Base-Paaren (HA + H2O ↔ H3O+ + A-) : |
Säurename |
Formel |
pKS-Wert |
Basenname |
Formel |
pKB-Wert |
|
Hydronium-Ion |
H3O+ |
-1.76 |
Wasser |
H2O |
15.76 |
Wasser |
H2O |
15.76 |
Hydroxid-Ion |
OH- |
-1.76 |
Hydroxid-Ion |
OH- |
29 |
Oxid-Ion |
O2- |
-15 |
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Methyloxonium-Ion |
CH3OH2+ |
-2.2 |
Methanol |
CH3OH |
16.2 |
Methanol |
CH3OH |
15.54 |
Methanolat-Ion |
CH3O- |
-1.54 |
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Dimethyloxonium-Ion |
(CH3)2OH+ |
-3.8 |
Dimethylether |
(CH3)2O |
17.8 |
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Ethyloxonium-Ion |
C2H5OH2+ |
-2.4 |
Ethanol |
C2H5OH |
16.4 |
Ethanol |
C2H5OH |
15.9 |
Ethanolat-Ion |
C2H5O- |
-1.9 |
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Diethyloxonium-Ion |
(C2H5)2OH+ |
-3.5 |
Diethylether |
(C2H5)2O |
17.5 |
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Propyloxonium-Ion |
C3H7OH2+ |
-2.6 |
Propanol |
C3H7OH |
16.6 |
Propanol |
C3H7OH |
16.2 |
Propanolat-Ion |
C3H7O- |
-2.2 |
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Isopropyloxonium |
CH3(CHOH2)CH3+ |
-3.2 |
Isopropanol |
CH3(CHOH)CH3 |
17.2 |
Isopropanol |
CH3(CHOH)CH3 |
17.1 |
Isopropanolat-Ion |
CH3(CHO)CH3- |
-3.1 |
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t-Butyloxoniumion |
(CH3)3COH2+ |
-3.8 |
t-Butanol |
(CH3)3COH |
17.8 |
t-Butanol |
(CH3)3COH |
19 |
t-Butanolat-Ion |
(CH3)3CO- |
-5 |
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Phenyloxonium-Ion |
C6H5OH2+ |
-6.7 |
Phenol |
C6H5OH |
20.7 |
Phenol |
C6H5OH |
9.99 |
Phenolat-Ion |
C6H5O- |
4.01 |
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Hydroperoxonium-Ion |
H3O2+ |
-7.7 |
Wasserstoffperoxid |
H2O2 |
21.7 |
Wasserstoffperoxid |
H2O2 |
11.62 |
Hydrogenperoxid-Ion |
HO2- |
2.38 |
Hydrogenperoxid-Ion |
HO2- |
16.8 |
Peroxid-Ion |
O22- |
-2.8 |
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Methylhydroperoxid |
CH3OOH |
11.5 |
Methylperoxid-Ion |
CH3OO- |
2.5 |
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Ethylhydroperoxid |
C2H5OOH |
11.8 |
Ethylperoxid-Ion |
C2H5OO- |
2.2 |
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Isopropylhydroperoxid |
CH3(CHOOH)CH3 |
12.1 |
Propylperoxid-Ion |
CH3(CHOO)CH3- |
1.9 |
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Trioxidan |
H2O3 |
9.5 |
Hydrogentrioxid-Ion |
HO3- |
4.5 |
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Wasserstoffhyperoxid |
HO2 |
4.7 |
Hyperoxid-Ion |
O2- |
9.3 |
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Wasserstoffozonid |
HO3 |
8.2 |
Ozonid-Ion |
O3- |
5.8 |
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pK-Werte nichtwässriger Säure-Base-Reaktionen: |
System |
Reaktion |
pK-Wert |
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Butanol (Autoprotolyse): |
2 C4H9OH ↔ C4H9OH2+ + C4H9O- |
21.6 |
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Ethanol (Autoprotolyse): |
2 C2H5OH ↔ C2H5OH2+ + C2H5O- |
18.9 |
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Isopropanol (Autoprotolyse): |
2 CH3(CHOH)CH3 ↔ CH3(CHOH2)CH3+ + CH3(CHO)CH3- |
20.6 |
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Methanol (Autoprotolyse): |
2 CH3OH ↔ CH3OH2+ + CH3O- |
17.2 |
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Pentanol (Autoprotolyse): |
2 C5H11OH ↔ C5H11OH2+ + C5H11O- |
20.6 |
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Propanol (Autoprotolyse): |
2 C3H7OH ↔ C3H7OH2+ + C3H7O- |
19.4 |
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Wasser (Autoprotolyse): |
2 H2O ↔ H3O+ + OH- |
14 |
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Wasserstoffperoxid (Autoprotolyse): |
2 H2O2 ↔ H3O2+ + HO2- |
12.7 |
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